Boring and milling tool



H. SAHGESON.

BORING AND MILLING TOOL.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 2l, 1919.

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)BOB/DFG- AND MLLDII'G TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented duly itl, 1992i.

Application led November 21, 1919. Serial No. 339,667.

To all whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY SAnGEsoN, a citizen of the United States7 and a resident of Beverly, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Boring and Milling Tools, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a Specification, like characters on the drawinofs representing like parts.

tllhis invent-ion relates to boring and milling tools and the purpose is to provide a' device of this character permitting rapid and accurate execution of the work.

My invention will be best understood by reference to the following description of one particular embodiment thereof such as that which is shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings illustrating a tool adapted to operate with three cutters. ln these drawings- Figure 1 is an end elevation partly broken away of the tool utilizing radial cutters;

F 1g. 2 is a side elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the tool utilizing cutters extending parallel with the axis of rotation;

Fig. 4 is a side view thereof;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation from the side op osite that shown in Fig. 3;

ig. 6 is a side elevation showing different cutters adapted for slotting;

Fi 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5 an is on an enlarged scale; and F Fig. 8 isa section on the line 8-8 of n the embodiment of my invention chosen for purposes of illustration a tool is illustrated which utilizes three cutters and which is arranged to cut progressively or incre mentally during one and the same operation, although other designs of the tool utilizing different numbers of blades may be used. The construction here shown (see Fi 1 and 2) comprises a tool body or stock 9 aving the central opening 11 provided with keyway 12 whereby it may be secured on a suitable power rotated shaft, for eX- ample, that on a suitable machine tool, the

stock herein taking the form of a spider havin three radiating arms 13.

n Figs. 1 and 2 showing an arrangement adapted for boring the arms 13 are provided with radial openings l5, 17 and 19 to receive the cutters 21, the Lcutters herein being distinguished by the numbers ll, lll and lil The openings l5, 17 and 19 'are not all in the i same plane but are disposed progressively farther away from the face of the stock, that is, from the left hand side in F ig.'2, as is lndicated by the lines in that ligure drawn along the cutting edges of cutters l' and lll. The cutters are adapted to be adjusted to lie at different radial distances from thel center of the stock and, as indicated by the arcs 1n Fig. l, the cutter l which is nearer the face of the stock sweeps through a smaller arc than the cutter H and the latter in turn l through an arc smaller than the arc in cutter Ill. rlhus as t-he tool advances to the left in Fig. 2 while rot-ating`the cutter I makes the first cut and as it enters farther into the work and during the same revolution of the head the cutter lil will make a lfurther cut at the same place of greater circumference and. this cut will be again enlarged by the cutter lll. The opening of the ultimate radius determined by the position of cutter Ill is thus gradually made,

permitting a cut of relatively great size to be rapidly made in a single operation. Otherwise described, it might be said that the cutting edges of the plurality of tools form a series disposed along a helix and come into operation successively as the tool rotates and as it is advanced axially.

Any suit-able means may be employed for positioning the cutters Lll and lill but conveniently they are made adjustable and the adjusting means may have a zero or initial position providing for the differential placing of the tools in proper relation as described so that for a given nominal position of adjustment they will always Ymake ycuts of progressively di'ering radius. 'llhe adjusting means herein shown for purposes of illustration may perhaps be best understood by reference to Fig. 7 As there shown the body or stock may be provided with transverse slots 23 intersecting the cutter receiving` openings as 15 and each slot is adapted to snugly receive an adjusting nut 25 which may be provided with openings 27 to receive a suitable operating tool. Coperating with the adjusting nut is a screw 29 adapted to bear on the end of the cutter 21 as shown and to cause this screw to advance and move the cutter on rotation of nut 25 it may be keyed in the socket as by means of the pin 31'entering a slot in the side thereof. The nut 25 may be coned ofi' to provide a beveled surface Q33 adapted to meet the beveled side 35 of the slot and one of these beveled faces, as the surface 33, may be provided with suitable graduations as indicated in Fig. 1 coperating with an index or zero point on the beveled surface 35. The zero points of the several adjusting mea-ns are preferably so arranged that they will cause auniform difference in the radial positions -of successive cutters. Coperatlng with the adjusting mechanism shown there may be provided (see Fig. l) one or more set screws 37 entering laterally through the arms of the stock to the cutter receiving opening. I have herein shown two screws, the construction providing for their introduction from either side. In practice it is desirable to u-se but one,that being on the leading side considering the direction of rotation, the side of the cutter-receiving opening providing a long bearing against which the screw may press the cutter. As shown at the broken away portion of the right hand side of Fig. l the cutters are preferably provided with sloping surfaces 39 flaring inwardly toward the center of the stock and on which the ends of the set screws bear, thus to provide a resultant force tending to hold the cutters against the end of adjusting vscrews 29. Preferably as indicated in Fig.

8 this face is somewhat concaved, twistinof movement of the cutter being thus avoide The tool herein shown is adapted to operate both with radially disposed cutters and with cutters disposed parallel to the axis of rotation and which for convenience I will here refer to as axial cutters. The latter arrangement adapted particularly for surface milling is shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. For this purpose the stock is provided with transverse openings 41, 43 and 45 parallel to the axis of rotation and conveniently intersecting the openings 15, 17 and 19 respectively. These openings are adapted to receive cutting tools 21 in the manner indicated in Fig. 4, these tools being designated I, II and III as before. The openings 41, 43 and 45 are located at varying distances from the axis of rotation, the opening 41 herein being at the greatest distance, 43 at a lesser distance and 45 at a still less distance as indicated by the arcs in Fig. 3. The stock is-adapted to be rotated'. in 'a counterclockwise "direction, view-- ing Fig. 3, and the cutters are adapted to be ad] ustedto proj ect varyingiiistances fromthe face of the stock. In the present instance the cutter which makes the cut of smallest radius 1s adapted to make the first cut, this being tool I (see Fig. 4). The cutter II projects a lesser distance from the face of the stock and cutter III the smallest distance. The cuttlng edges are thus disposed along the spire of the helix, the diameter of which in l this instance is smaller than the diameter of the stock and which isin Iadvance of the face of the stock.

-large amount o the material.

of the stock as by means of screws 49, one

of which appears in the figure. C'operating with this nut is an adjusting screw 5 1 adapted to bear against the tool 21 shown 1n dotted lines. For operating this nut I have herein shown a member 53 rotatably mounted on the nut as by means of the headless screw 55entering an annular slot 57 herein, this member being keyed to the screw 51 by the feather 59 entering slot 61 therein. Rotation of the member lwill thus advance the screw in the fixed nut'. The operating memb er may be provided with the coned flange 63 provided with graduations as shown 1n Fig. 4 adapted to coperate with an index or zero on the .flange of the nut. As before the zero indications are preferably adapted to position the several cutters in relatively varying positions of adjustment.

The set screws 37 may serve to clamp the cutter when in the dotted line position in Fig. 7 as well as when in the full line position in that figure. For this purpose they may enter laterally of the arms 13 to the point of intersection of the radial and axialY openings as shown.

It will be noted that the adjusting means for the axial cutters shown in Fig. 7 is bodily removable from the stock by removal of the screws 49. This permits the use of double ended tools as shown in Fig. 6 to provlde a straddle tool. The cutters 65 shown 1n Fig. 6 are provided with cutting edges at each end and the cutter which is disposed in opening 41 farthest from the center of rotation is relatively short. The cutter .1n opening 43 as indicated by the llnes 1n Fig. 6 projects a distance beyond the cutter in opening 41 at either side and the cutter 1n opening 45 projects a still farther dlstance. Thus the cutter which makes the first cut and strikes deepest is making the narrowest cut which is gradually being enlarged by the other cutters. The set screws 37 will serve-to clamp cutting tools 65 in the same way as the cutting tools 21 are clamped in the openings 41, 43 and 45.

In the tool described whether used for boring, as in Figs. 1l and 2, or for face milling, as in Figs. 3 and 4, acts on each revolution to give an incremental cut. Thus one tool acts first, removing a comparatively small portion of the material acted upon with corespondingly small resistance and the cut made by this first tool'is immediately widened by the succeeding tool and so on, the effect in one revolution being of a relatively broad cut removing a comlparatively his incremeente .an

mental action permits of high speed and has other advantages. For example, in face milling the pressure need not be excessive such as might be apt to spring the work, a condition sometimes encountered in working, for example, on cast iron.V n the conf trary, the pressure is comparatively light in by way of examp e three and wherein they may be manipulated to cut successively in a single operation. 'llhe principles which are exemplified l shall define'in the following claims.

Claims:

l. A tool of the class described comprising a rotatable stock having radial cutterreceiving sockets disposed at successively increasing distances from the face thereof and axial cutter-receiving sockets disposed at successively increasing distances from the center thereof, and means for supporting cutters in the first with provision for radial adjustment and in the second with provision for axial adjustment.

2. Atool of the class described comprising a rotatable stock having a series of radial sockets, intersecting sockets parallel to the axis of rotation and disposed at successively varying distances therefrom and a means f or clamping a cutter in either of the intersecting sockets.

3. A tool of the class described comprising a rotatable stock having a series of radial sockets disposed at successively greater distances from the face thereof, intersecting sockets parallel to the axis of rotation and disposed at successively varying distances therefrom and a means for clamping a cutter in either of the intersecting sockets.

fi. A tool of the class described comprising a rotatable stock having radial cutterreceiving sockets disposed at successively increasing distances' from the face thereof and means for adjusting the cutters radially in the sockets providing initial'or zero positions thereof successively more distant from the center.

5. A tool of the class described comprising a rotatable stock having axial -cutter-receiving sockets disposed at successively varying distances from the center thereof and means for adjusting the cutters axially in the sockets providing initial or zero positions at successively decreasing distances from the face of the stock.

6. A tool of the class described comprising a stock having a socket, a cutter received therein, said stock having a slot intersecting the socket, a nut received by the slot, a cooperating screw keyed in said socket and adapted to bear on the cutter.

7. A tool of the class described comprising a stock having a socket, a cutter received therein, said stock having a slot intersecting the socket and having a beveled face, a nut received by the slot having meeting the first, coperatlng graduations on said faces, a nut received by the slot, a coperating screw keyed in said socket and adapted to bear on the cutter.

8. A tool of the class described comprising a rotatable stock having a transverse opening providing a cutter-receiving socket, a nut alined with the opening and detachably secured to said stock and an adjusting screw in the nut adapted to bear on the cutter, the whole being thus removable to permit the use of a double ended tool.

9. A tool of the class described comprising Ya rotatable stock having a transverse opening providing a cutter-receiving socket, a nut alined with the opening and detachably secured to said stock, a screw in said nut adapted to bear on the cutter, and a member rotatably mounted on the nut and keyed to the screw.

10. A tool of the class described comprising a stock having a socket, a cutter received thereby, means at the inner end of the socket for moving the cutter therein, a set screw entering laterally to said socket and having an engagement with the cutter developing an inward force.

l1. A tool of the class described comprising a stock having a socket, a cutter received thereby, means at the inner end of the socket for moving the cutter therein and a set screw entering laterally to said socket, said cutter having an outwardly tapered surface against which the screw bears.

l2. A tool as described in claim 11 wherein said face is concaved.v

lntestimony whereof, l have signed my name to this specification.

HARRY SARGESUN.

a beveled face' 

